Environmental crisis communication in Cerro de Pasco: the role of digital media

Abstract

The environmental crisis in Cerro de Pasco, exacerbated by mining and its effects on health and the environment, calls for more effective public communication. Although digital media play an important role, their coverage is limited and fragmented. The study sought to design a training plan for journalists to improve the reporting of the environmental crisis and the dissemination of existing guidelines. A qualitative approach was applied under the naturalistic paradigm. A total of 130 messages in nine local digital media outlets were analyzed, and ten experienced journalists were interviewed, using documentary analysis, semi-structured interviews, and Atlas.ti processing. The results show occasional coverage focused on immediate events, such as forest fires or water pollution. Informative and opinion-based genres predominate, while interpretive genres are absent. The causes are mainly attributed to mining companies and unscrupulous actors, without recognizing citizen responsibilities. Solutions are presented ambiguously, as ongoing efforts rather than concrete actions. In addition, the use of digital tools—links, multimedia formats, interaction, or live broadcasts—is scarce. In conclusion, journalists need to be trained in environmental approaches, responsible narratives, and digital tools to improve the quality of information and promote greater social awareness.